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If Michael were here would he even hear himself on these songs?
Well, I just don't understand why people give credit to musicologists in this very case?
because the experts used in this case didn't give opinion based on listening, they run scientific tests on the vocals.
So we need a forensic audiologist instead of a forensic musicologist?
But, there is no such thing called vocalprint, no? I'm just wondering what scientific tests they could do to indentify people's voice?
There is no such thing.
didn't they say waveform analysis?
there's a common voice recognition program that many programmers write (my college boyfriend was a computer programmer). What the program would require is 10 samples of a person saying a word (such as Hello) - because voice of people actually changes not constant so it would use 10 previous recordings to create an "average" voice and a range" And then when you run the program and say "hello" to the mic it would try to match the voice to the average voice and if it matched it would write "hello ivy" to the screen. it's the very basic voice recognition.
with same logic and my understanding they would have gotten samples of Michael's previously released songs / acapellas and form a sample from them as a representative of Michael's voice (that included his range) and then run the comparison of current vocals to this sample and they would get a match percentage. Like I said before in statistics 95% certainty is the generally accepted norm.
okay I called my ex and this is just a fyi
he says C++ has a waveform comparison capability and that matlab has the capabilities of voice recognition, voice comparison, timbre comparison , identifying different voices etc (smt called Voice toolbox). that's what he knows, remember he's a programmer not a music expert.
bumper I'll post something for you in a little while. I have to check a law journal first.
there's such a thing. I believe even audacity and melodyne? has extensions in them that can do basic comparison the samples and say that if they match or not. Isn't that what Pentum is doing comparing the adlibs and confirming where they are coming from?
To me, the more convincing evidence is not waveform analysis or any so-called scientific test. More convincing evidence is mutiple tangible supports such as worktapes, video footage and handwritten notes that can corrobate with each others. It's that simple.
If they show a photo of Michael singing in the studio, one can discredit it.
If they show a hand written note, one can still discredit it.
If they show a video of Michael singing the songs, one can have doubts but can't really discredit it.
If they show a work tapes with multiple takes and Michael's instruction, how can one discredit it?
If they show all of the above, I bet even the most stubborn doubters will admit they are wrong.
I wonder if any of the above exists. If so, were they given to Sony and the Estate at one point? If they were, why the Estate felt the need to engage musicologists to run the tests? Becasue of due diligence? Aren't all of the above evidence convincing enough?
But Ivy, I didn't say that there's no such thing as studying, observing, comparing, analyzing and even matching the waveforms. Of course there is such a thing.
What I was saying is that there is no such thing as SCIENTIFIC observation. It is not conclusive and is highly subjective because the voice is subjected to extreme variation by the computer programs and processing. So automatically it becomes all but scientific, even if there is a strong will to do it as scientifically as possible, it still doesn't make it scientific at all actually.
In some cases some fingerprints, which are much more tangible than a voice, can be extremely similar and even fool the computerized programs. Voice is much more malleable and easier to alter, adapt, imitate, etc than fingerprints.
So does voice recognition exist? Yes
Does it recognize the same voice? Yes
But does it recognize different people with the same voice? No!
Kapital77;3416806 said:We don´t mind if the comparisons don´t hold on court and we don´t know what the Jackson family will do.
I don´t mind what pompous or other said, i am tired of read the same things day by day and i am tired of those people that never put themselves on the side of the people who thinks it´s not MJ.
Ivy, if you are legal, put one day on our skin... please, only for one day don´t be a Cascio advocate and try to find the way to probe it´s not MJ.
We only know that he never sung those songs. I don´t mind legal excuses, etc... etc... etc...
I only know that the Cascio tracks were sung by Mister C. and that´s a thing that nobody will change... NEVER.
so are we having a disagreement about the word "scientific"?
Scientific is basically meaning a systematic approach that uses the predetermined methods and predetermined tests.
by this definition those comparisons would be scientific.
I think what you have an issue is with accuracy. Correct?
Let me explain it further
DNA test is seen as one of the most reliable tests out there. Fingerprinting is more like 7 point match , 12 point match which is known to give false match results.
So they are both scientific tests with one having more accuracy then the other.
So those computerized comparisons might not be perfect and have error chance but it doesn't mean that they aren't scientific or objective.
I don't think this is the case. For example US used such tests to authenticate audio messages from Osama Bin Laden , Saddam Hussein before and all those tests aims to authenticate such voices and obviously it would aim to differentiate it from a sound alike and not from a distant voice. So I again expect them to be able to differentiate between the voices - even though they might not be perfect.
Now let's talk some statistics
If we are trying to make a determination between 2 choices (Michael - not Michael) chance is 50% - meaning that if I asked my 3 year old niece to give her opinion without knowing anything she has the 50% chance to give the correct answer and 50% chance the wrong answer
so we can conclude that any test should have given more than 50% correct answer.
Nothing is perfect in such testing every test would have an error rate so
- 99% confidence level would be perfect
- 95 % would be the the most common "best" match
- 80 % would be okay
- 60% would be weak
- and anything around / below 50% it's better to just guess.
now we need to add probability into the mix. Let's assume a really weak test like Bumper portrays actually let's go with guess 50%.
You know what that means 12 Cascio songs if they ran through the test 6 of them will come as Michael and 6 of them would come up as not Michael.
and guess what any researcher would see that the test wasn't testing what it's supposed to test.
so I think the tests ability to differentiate between the voices and the accuracy of the outcome will be better than you portray.
This is actually something I have been thinking about since reading PG's post on Maxjax about mother's not recognizing their babies cry.
After Bumper's posts of "our hearing better determinant than experts/ tests" I had to go back and post this information.
This comes from Hastings Law Journal and it's about speaker identification. The relevant part is that it quotes a lot of research about humans ability to recognize voices. This is the summary
1. Voice recognition software is not as reliable as DNA or finger print analysis but it's improving "sophisticated mathematical modeling techniques, and the ability of acoustic engineers to decompose the human voice into a host of different components have led to enormous improvement in voice recognition technology". So like I said in the last post it's not perfect but it's improving.
2. Some people are better at identifying voices then others. Nobody knows why but musical ability and memory seems to be a factor.
---- So musicians will generally be better at identification. so musicians that worked with Michael would have a better accuracy.
3. Familiarity with the voice is important. Research shows people can identify their family members with 89% accuracy but they can only identify their friends / co workers / people they have occasional contact by only 66% accuracy.
4. Number of times a person is exposed to the voice is more important then the length of the time they are exposed to the voice. Research shows that hearing a voice for 20 seconds for 3 times is far better than hearing a voice for once for 60 seconds.
---- So both of the above shows that more exposure to the voice is the most important thing. so not necessarily the long term fans will be better judges, the people who listen/ exposed to the voice the most times will be better.
---- Although being family strengthens Jacksons family claims, how often they were exposed to Michael's voice also becomes important. For example in her book Latoya says between 1992 - 2009 she didn't talk to Michael for 14 years and she only talked to him 6 or so times. So in this reality most of the fans would be better in identifying Michael's voice than Latoya.
5. The ability to identify a voice also deteriorates sharply over time if the person is no longer exposed to the voice frequently. Research shows that when asked to pick up a voice among 5 voices , people has 83% accuracy the next day, 51% accuracy 3 weeks later and 13% accuracy after 5 months.
---- this with the above points shows that not only familiarity in Michael's voice but familiarity in Jason's voice is needed. If you aren't exposed to Jason's voice before and frequently or if you didn't listen to him for some time then your ability to distinguish his voice is going down sharply.
6. Now sound- alikes. Bumper is right. They are tricky. Research shows that voices of brothers are confusing. In a research done in Sweden when asked to pick Carl Bildt voice (prime minister) but actually played an impersonator voice people almost always wrongly identified the impersonator as Carl Bildt.
---- This is a two way street in our argument. It shows that Malachi can be mistaken for Michael and Micheal can be mistaken for Malachi so any one of us can be wrong in what we think we hear. It shows us that we are actually trying for the hardest differentiation in this instance.
7. Disguise of a voice (in our case processing) is also problematic. They ask people to simply whisper and recognition accuracy goes down a lot. Distortion makes it even worse in regards to accuracy.
---- so any type of processing present on Cascio and Malachi songs is making our determinations even less accurate. Raw acapella vocals are needed to reduce this disguise / distortion effect.
8. Also multiple case histories show that being confident in a voice identification doesn't necessarily mean that the person is correct. Several cases are cited where people were convicted based on mainly a very confident witness voice identification but later proven innocent with DNA evidence and such. In short there's no correlation between a person's confidence in what he heard and the accuracy of his identification.
Finally let's discuss the comparisons from a legal perspective
"it is no longer permissible for police officers to invite the victim of a crime to the police station, bring her within earshot of a defendant who is asked to say a few words, and then ask the victim if the defendant was the perpetrator of the crime"
Why?
Because it's leading and proven to cause false identification.
Similarly any comparison video or any person you asked to compare Jason Malachi vocals to Michael's wouldn't hold in court.
ivy;3417012 said:they won't be reliable in regards to voice recognition if their interaction with Michael was limited.
ivy;3417012 said:I do emphasize with you but you need to understand that in this instance people hear different things so they wouldn't agree with you. I wish that you wouldn't beat yourself so much about it and simply accept that there are people that thinks differently.
ivy;3417012 said:I did probe it. I listen to comparisons. I still think it's MJ. I can't change what I hear because you want me to. No one can.
ivy;3417012 said:and that's just your opinion. It's not a fact.
damn I lost my post. rewrite it again,but you totally misunderstood chance.
damn I lost my post. rewrite it again,but you totally misunderstood chance.
I don't know what's happening, but lately I have lost several posts like that.
I just wrote a huge answer to your last part, and it just disappeared. I was typing practically for nothing!
Always copy paste before you hit post.
Hi again guys, i return here to say !!! HELLO !!!.![]()